Jet Engine | Basics

 Welcome to my new blog. This time we will discuss the topic rather than Automotives. Today we will discuss Technology used in rockets, i.e, its Engine.

JET PROPULSION SYSTEM:-

Jet Propulsion

INTRODUCTION:-

Jet Engines are mostly used in aircraft and rockets. The Jet Propulsion refers to the reaction produced by the engine. It works on Newton's third law.

The exhaust of the engine creates an equal reactive force that propels the aircraft/rocket forward.

WORKING:-

When the matter (fuel) is ignited in the combustion chamber the chemical reaction that took place produces a thrust due to the aircraft/rocket moves forward. 

The oxygen required for combustion is transferred in the rocket itself so that the rocket thrust does not depend on the atmosphere. 

In some rockets, it depends on the air inducted into the engine to supply necessary oxygen.

PROCESS:-

1] The air is sucked in at the front with the help of a fan.

2] The air then passes through a compressor, which increases its pressure.

3] The compressor consists of many blades that are attached to a shaft, they rotate at high speed and compresses the air.

4] This air is then supplied with fuel and with the help of a spark plug it is ignited.

5] The burnt gas expands and blast out through the nozzle.

6] As the burnt gas leaves the engine it comes out of the engine at high speed due to which the engine and the aircraft experiences a thrust, hence the aircraft moves forward.

The GIF shows how the air moves through the Engine.
Source:- NASA

PARTS:-

Jet Engine

1} FAN:-

It is the first component situated at the front. The fan sucks a large amount of air and transfers it to the engine in two ways - first through the core and second, it bypasses the core of the engine and supplies the air through a duct to the surround of the engine.

2} COMPRESSOR:-

The compressor is the first in an engine core. It consists of many blades that are attached to a shaft. As the air from the fan enters into the compressor,  the air is passed through a small gap which increases its pressure. It also increases the energy of the air. This pressurized air is then fed into the combustion chamber. 

3} COMBUSTOR:-

The combustor is the area in which the air and fuel are fed and then ignited.  In total 20 nozzles are present which are used to spray the fuel. This provides a high temperature, high energy flow. As the fuel burns, it expands. The inner wall of the combustor is made up of ceramic. The temperature inside reaches up to 2700 degrees.

4} TURBINE:-

The high-speed air coming out of the combuster now enters the turbine, which causes the blade of the turbine to rotate. The turbine is attached to a fan that is attached to the fan at the front. 

5} NOZZLE:-

The nozzle is the exhaust for the engine. This part actually creates thrust which helps the aircraft/rocket to propel. The energy acquired by the airflow flows through the turbine, this in turn produces a force that propels the engine, henceforward motion to the aircraft is caused. 

TYPES OF JET ENGINE:-

1. Turbo Jet Engine.
2. Turbo Prop Engine
3. Turbofan Engine
4. Turboshaft Engine
5. Ramjet Engine

-A BLOG BY AMAAN ATTAR

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